Type-writing machine.



No. 686,6I0 Patented'flov. l2, IQUI.

v E. B. Essa; J. m. STOUGHTO'N.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

. v v (Applichtion filed Sept. 15, 1s99. 7 (No Model.) 4 Sheets-sheaf I.

am. @M W m: Nomus PETERS co. PHdTo-flma, wAsmNaTou, a. c

No. 686,610. Batgnfed Nov. I2, I90l.

E. B. HESS &. J. M. STOUGHTDIL' TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

' A u mbn filed Sept. $15, 1899.)-

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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NORRIS PETERS cu No. 686,6l0 Patented Nov. l2, 19m. E. B, HESS & m. STOUGHTON. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(A liafion mm Sam. 15, 1899.)

l I l I 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

No. 686.610] Patented Nov. I2, I90I. E. B. HESS & J. m. STOUGHTUN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(A licatio filed Sept. 15, 1899.)

4 Sheeta-Sheat 4.

(No Model.)

Wibneoaw Snow M3015 3513 6mm, 66 I I UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICE.

EDWARD B. HESS, OF NEW YORK, AND JOSEPH M. STOUGHTON, OF YONK- ERS, NEYV YORK, ASSIGNORS TO CENTURY MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 686,610, dated November 12, 1901.

Application filed $eptember 15, 1899. Serial No. 730,652. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be itknown-that we, EDWARD B. HESS, of New York, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and-JosEPH M. STOUGHTON, of Yonkers, county of Westchester, State of New York, have made a new and useful Improvement in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a visible-writing machine; and it consists particularly in certain improved organizations involving the general arrangement and location of the typebars'with reference to the platen, the keylevers, and the operative connections between the key-levers and type-bars, by which the latter are respectively actuated when their corresponding key-levers are depressed.

The invention as herein disclosed is shown as applied to what is known as a front stroke machine, which may be said to be one in which the impactof the type upon the platen occurs at a point upon the surface thereof in the horizontal plane of its axis. The specific form in which we have elected to disclose the invention resembles that shown in our United States Letters Patent No. 610,400 granted September 6, 1898, and No. 620,774, grantedMarch 7, 1899. In machines of the type disclosed in those patents the type-bars, of which there are but a small number, are provided with partially-rotatable type-bearing sleeves or heads, and the required number of characters are obtained partly through the instrumentality of the type-bearing sleeves or heads and partly by changing the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing-point on the platen, all as is well understood and as will be apparent to those familiarwith the class of machines disclosed in said patents. In the particular character of machine which those patents show each type-bar is pivoted in an independent support, and the relation of each such pivot'to the printing-point is changed by the depression of the key corresponding with the desired character. Another well-understood way of efiecting the change in relation of the type-bar pivots to the platen or to the printingpoint is to mount all the type-bars in a movable rod, frame, or segment, which is shifted so that the pivots of all the type-bars are simultaneously moved by means of one or more independent shift-keys, there being in such construction one shift-key for each position of the type-bars pivots other than that which they normally occupy. An illustration of this style of construction is shown, for instance, in the United States Patent of Hanson, No. 644,929, dated May 16, 1899.

, While some of the claims made herein are specifically addressed to machines of the class shown in our Letters Patent above mentioned and are applicable also generally to such machines as are shown, for instance, in Letters Patent of L. S. Burridge, Nos. 585,838, 593,563, and 594,777that is to say, a machine in which the pivot of each type-bar is independently moved to bring the desired character to the printing-pointthe invention in its broader or more generic aspect as expressed in many of the claims is not so restricted, but is applicable to that class of machines wherein the pivots of all the type-bars are simultaneously moved by means of one or more special shift-keys when it is desired to bring a particular character on one of the type-bars to the printing-point.

The terms means for at will changing the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printingpoint on the platen, employed in a number of the claims at the end of this specification, are intended to be generic and to include either of the modes above described of effecting the change in relation between the typebar pivots and the printing-point, and it will be apparent upon an inspection of those claims that their subject-matter is not dependent upon the use of eitherof such modes alone, but is'as much applicable to a machine in which the pivots of all the type-bars are simultaneously adjusted when it is desired to bring a character on any one of them to the printing-point as it is to a machine in which the pivot of a particular type-bar is adjusted when it is desired tobring a character on that bar to the printing-point.

In machines of the class illustrated, forinstance, in the Hanson patent if there bebut one series of type-bars they may be so small in number as to require that there shall be two positions other than the normal and two shift-keys, on the depression of either of which the pivots of the entire series of type-bars are simultaneouslyadjusted. If there be two series of type-bars, each series maybe mounted in a separate support and two shift-keys provided, one foreach series, and on the depression of either of such keys the pivots of the entire series of type-bars which it controls will be shifted relatively to the printing-point. Our invention so far as the disposition and mode of actuation of the type-bars to take impressions from characters thereon is concerned, is obviously applicable to this class of machine. There is still another class of machines well known, in which the type-bar pivots are stationary, and the ditferent relative positions of platen and type-bars obtained by shifting the platen. lhe now wellknown Underwood machine is an illustration of that class of machines, and obviously our invention is applicable to machines of that character also.

We will now describe the specific construction of the machine which we have elected to illustrate as a practical and efficieut embodiment of ourinvention. So far as our broader claims are concerned, however, they are not limited to this particular kind of machine, for, as above stated, the invention is equally applicable to otherstyles which we have specifically mentioned, and perhaps also to still others which have not been named.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan view of our improved machine. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, taken on the line 0c 00, Fig. 1, and y y, Fig. 3, and as seen looking thereat from the left toward the right hand side of the drawings in the direction of the arrows at the bottom and top thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the broken line y y, Fig. 1, and as seen looking from the bottom toward the top of the drawing in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 4 is a part plan part sectional View of one set of the slotted plates and the attached operating levers which control the movements of one of the typebars and its supported rotatable type-sleeve. Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the key-shifting levers, the automatic gravity-lock, and one of the key-levers and the attached parts. Fig. 6 is a detail rear elevational view of a part of the carriage feeding mechanism and the operating-levers for restoring the same to starting position and for regulatingit-sintermediate movements. Fig. 7 is an end elevational view of the same parts illustrated in Fig. 6, illustrating also the means for effecting line-spacing at the same time that the carriage is being restored to its normal position and also illustrating the means for varying the size of the line-spaces, the lower operating-lever being shown partly in dotted lines to better disclose the variable line-spacing mechanism.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, in

all of which like numerals and letters of reference represent like or duplicate parts wherever used, frepresents the frame or base of the machine, and f f vertical side standards, between which the upper operative portions of the machine are secured. In the machine as hereinafter described we have illustrated ten type-bars, (indicated each by the numeral 10.) The upper ends of these type-bars are bent to the proper angles, (see Fig. 1,) and theirlower ends are pivotally fulcrumed, each at the upper end of a vertically-arrauged bar 18, having a slot at its lower end and supported between separate washers upon ahorizontally-arranged rod m, secured at its opposite ends to the side standards f f the arrangement being such as to cause each rotatable type-sleeve when the proper key-lever is struck to strike the paper at a common central point and the corresponding truing-pin 45 to enter the proper one of the holes 42 43 44 in the same manner as disclosed in the before-mentioned patents, said rotatable typesleeves being provided with locking mechanism (not here shown) and having different classes of type upon their three angular faces a b c and gear-teeth, as before, on their rear sides adapted to mesh when in their normal positions between the teeth of an endwisemovable rack 23, secured by slots and screws to the end standards r r, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the slotted plates 1 are horizontally located and pivoted at the rear side of the machine, these plates not being essentially different from the corresponding plates referred to in our prior patents. The means of operating the same and the type-bars, however, consist of a series of bell-crank levers ll 12, 11"12', and 14 15, the levers ll 12 having each a pin 5, adapted to move in the slot 4, and the levers 11 12 a pin 2, adapted to move in the slot 3, the short arms 11 and 11 of said levers being connected by links 9 to the key-levers 6 and 7, while the short arms of the fulcrumed bell-crank levers, to which the type-bars 10 are secured, are connected by links 21 to the long arms of the bell-crank levers 15 14, a lateral arm e in the end of the arm 14 resting directly under the under surface of all three of the key-levers 5, 6, and 7 of each set. (See Fig. 3.)

The key-levers 6 and 7 are pivoted upon a, rod t at the rear side of the frame and properly separated from each other by spacingnotches in a cross-plate n, said key-levers being held in their upper positions by a series of springs s. s s are similar springs secured to a cross-plate under the bottom of the frame, with their free ends under the lateral arms e, their function being to aid in the holding of the operating-levers and type-bars in their normal positions. The three sets of key-levers 5, 6, and 7, corresponding to their appropriate type-bars and interconnecting operating mechanism, are provided with finger-keys k k 10 having the usual characters thereon.

As seen in Fig. 4, the plate 18 is pivotally connected at 18 with one arm or bifurcation of the plate 1. One said arm or bifurcation 4 has in it the slot 4, which at the rear, as seen in Fig. 2, is horizontal, then inclines upwardly, and is then vertical. The slot 3 in the other bifurcation 3 is similarly shaped, but is reversely inclined between the horizontal and vertical end portions. The pin 5 on the bell-crank 11 '12 works in the slot 4, and the pin 2 on the bell-crank 11 12 works in the slot 3. The parts 1 and 18 are held in normal position by the pins 5 2. When the key It is depressed, the corresponding lever 14 15 is actuated andthe type-bar is thrown to the printing-point. If key be depressed, the type-bar is thrown to the printing-point; but the bell-crank 11 12 is also actuated, and the pin 2, traversing the inclined part of slot 3, depresses the parts 1 18 and the desired character on the type-bar strikes the platen. If the key 10 be depressed, the operation is the same, except that the pin 5, traversing the inclined part of slot 4, raises the parts 1 and 18. Of the three characters that may be placed longitudinally in line on a type-bar the middle one will print when the key it is operated, the outer one when k is depressed, and the one nearest the type-bar pivot when the key It? is depressed.

8 8 are spacing key-levers provided with a key-bar k of the usual pattern, said levers being pivoted at the rear of the frame of the machine and located overlateral arms 6 upon the ends of bell-crank levers Z, the longer arms of which are adapted to bear against a cross-bar 6 connected, through arms 24, to a rock-barj, pivoted to the sides of the frame and to and through a vertically-extending arm 25, having a slot in its upper end adapted to bear frictionally on opposite sides against a pin 2 in the lower end of one of the controlling-pawls 26, pivotally supported at p beneath the rack 28, which regulates the movements of the carriage 76, said carriage in turn being sustained at two parts 29 by horizontal arms 30, adapted to slide upon a guide-rod 31, secured to standards 32 at opposite sides of the machine.

5 is'a retractile spring wound around the rock-bar j and attached to the frame of the machine, its function being to normally hold the cross-bar e against the long arm 15 of the levers 14 15.

f c are shifting key-levers provided with finger-keys 70 k (see Figs. 1, 2, and 5,) said key-levers being pivoted at the rear of the machine upon the same support as are the other key-levers. To the levers f c are'pivotally secured vertically-arranged arms 22 22, having hooks 57 at their upper ends and normally held in their upper positions, with their attached key-levers, by springs 32 32, said arms being provided with guiding-pins for permitting of their vertical movements.

55 56 are'bell-crank levers pivoted to the frame of the machine and having their outer ends so located that when one of the shiftingkey levers, as f or c, is pressed downward it will operate its proper bell-crank lever 55 or 56, which is connected in turn by a link 54 or 53 to the opposite sides of a shifting or controlling arm 20, operatively connected to the rack 23, which meshes with the teeth of the rotatable type-sleeves, said rack 23 being normally held in its central position by a crossed spring 5 the free ends of which rest on opposite sides of the downwardly-extending lug I from the rack, p being a pin for limiting the movements of the arms of the operating-spring in opposite directions, this rack 23, its controlling-arm 20, and spring 3 being not substantially different from the like parts disclosed in our before-mentioned patents. V

19 is what we term an automatic gravitylock adapted to move vertically in a guideway secured to the frame of the machine and passing either through an opening 0 in the controlling-arm 20 or on either side thereof, dependent upon the operation of the individual key-levers, said gravity-lock being operated positively by a pin 9 and lever 52, the latter pivoted to the frame of the machine and connected by a double link 17 with a cross-bar 01, attached to the pivoted arms 13 and located directly under all of the key-levers of the machine except the shifting and spacing key-levers. (See Figs. 2 and 3.)

33 is the platen, which is journaled in side supports at the opposite ends of the carriage 76, and 34 is a milled roller for operating the same by hand.

g is the paper-guide, and 48 is an ordinary wire bail or paper guide and clamp extending along the platen above the printing-line.

47 is a vertically-extending arm secured to the body of the machine and carrying at its upper end a slotted guide-plate 46, located directly above the normal center of the work, its function being to act as an additional guide for giving perfect alinement to the type-bars when the key-levers are struck, the free end of each actuated type-bar passing into said slot at the same time that the corresponding truingpin 45 passes into its guide hole or opening 42, 43, or '44, dependent upon the particular key-lever struck. This guide constitutes an additional improvement for effecting perfect alinement of the typewritten matter.

72 is a spring-drum, around which is coiled the usual steel driving-tape 73, the free end of which is secured by alink 74 to one of the arms 30, which supports and guides the carriage upon the guide-rod 31. (See Fig. 1.)

40 represents the usual rubber roller located adjacent to the front face of the platen for holding the paper in position.

38 represents an additional supporting and guide rod for the carriage, and 39 is a guide and supporting roller secured to the carriage and adapted to move therewith over the rod 38, secured at the opposite sides of the frame.

35 is a toothed rack secured to the carriage and meshing with two gear-wheels g g, journaled in opposite sides of the frame and meshing in turn with pinions carried each by a shaft 36, to the outer ends of which are secured worms 37.

'r" r are ribbon-carrying reels, having attached to their'inner faces tooth gear-wheels g said ribbon-carrying reels being supported at the outer ends of pivoted arms 59 on opposite sides of the frame, the free ends of said arms being connected to a cross-bard, which in turn is provided with a pin 60,adapted to move in the slotted end of a pivoted operating-lever 58, secured to the rear part 75 of the frame, the arrangement being such that when the operatinglever is moved in one direction one of the gear-wheels, as g will be, put in mesh with its corresponding worm 37, and when placed in reverse position the other gear-wheelg will be connected in like manner and the first one disconnected, the function of said parts being to reverse the direction of movements of the ribbon 19.

64 represents a spring secured to each of the arms 59, so that its free end is adapted to bear in frictional contact with its corresponding gear-wheel g or g, and thereby retard the movements of the same.

51 is an angular-shaped ribbon-guide located beneath the platen and secured at one end to the main pivoted pawl 26, which controls the movements of the carriage. The free end of said ribbon-guide consists of two up turned arms provided with open slots 50 at their upper ends and so arranged that when the ribbon 49 is drawn iherethrough it will be held directly in front of the platen and in the path of the type as they are forced forward on manipulating the keys of the machine.

On examination of Fig. 3 it will be seen that the ribbon 4:9 is wound around the ribbonoarryin g reels T 0 and passes thence upward to and through the slots 50 of the ribbonguide 51, the arrangement being such that when said ribbon-guide is vibrated back and forth by the action of the pawl 26 (see Fig. 2) the free end thereof, with the ribbon, will be carried forward to and removed from the face of the platen. To the main carriage-controlling pawl 26 is pivoted a second pawl 27, provided with a spring 8 the arrangement being such that when the pawl 26 is disengaged (see Fig. 2) the pawl 27 acts as a holding-pawl until the pawl 26 is again restored to its holding position, when the spring 3 will restore the released pawl 27 to its forward position, ready to be received by the next tooth of the rack 28.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 6 and 7 in connection with Fig. 1, we will describe the mechanism for restoring the carriage to its normal or starting position and simultaneously performing the function of line-spacing by the movement of the platen and also the means for varying the width of the lines and the additional means for controlling the movements of the carriage in either direction at will. fw represents a ratchet feed-wheel secured to the end of the platen, and 69 a pivoted pawl for controlling the movements of said feed-wheel, the pawl 69 being normally held against the face of the ratchet-wheel by a spring 8 and controlled in its movements by a link 68,0011- nected to the end 67 of a right-angle handlever 65, pivoted at 67. The pawl 69 and its operating-link 68 are pivotally secured to the top end of a vibrating arm 77, pivoted at its lower end and provided with an angular extension 80, as shown, the function of which is to come into contact with the upper notched end 78 of a pivoted lever 79, the arrangement being such that when the lower end of said lever 79 is in its extreme left-hand position and the upper end thereof in its extreme right-hand position the angular extension 80 will come into contact with the end 78, thereby allowing only a brief motion to the vibrating arm 77 and vibrating pawl 69 and permitting the feed mechanism to advance the paper carried by the platen only a short space. \Vhen the lever 79 is turned with its lower end to its extreme right-hand position, the angular extension 80 on the vibrating arm 77 will drop into the notch at the right-hand side of the end 78, thereby permitting said vibrating arm, and hence the pawl 69, to give to the platen a further or more extended movement of rotation, and hence an increased line-space. It will be understood, therefore, that when the carriage has reached its extreme left-hand limit if the operator takes hold of the free end of the lever and pushes it to the right the carriage is thereby forced to its extreme right-hand position or to such intermediate point as may be desired. The same movement by reason of the pivoted action of the lever 65, link 68, pawl 69, and feed-wheelfw causes the platen, and hence the paper carried thereby, to be advanced one line-space.

66 is an additional lever for controlling the movements of the carriage pivotally supported under the lever 65 and in close proximity thereto, its free end 71 extending through the rack 28, which, it will be noted on examination of Fig. 6, is provided with inclined slots and is movably secured to the carriage by screws 8 said rack being held in its normal or locked position by the operating-pawls 26 and 27 and a spiral spring 8 the arrangement being such that when the operating end of the lever 66 is forced to the right by the hand of the operator it causes the rack to be lifted upon the screws 5 and against the action of the spring 8 thereby releasing it from the holding action of the pawls, so that as long as this pressure is exerted the carriage may be moved in either direction by the operator at will.

The movements of the type-bars 10, and

hence of their supported rotatable typesleeves, by and through the agency of their fulcrumed supports, links 21, bell-crank levers 14 15, slotted plates 1, and bell-crank 1evers 11 12 11 12 and the vertical bar 18 will be understood, it being apparent that the only substantial change as to this particular feature of the machine is attributable to the rearrangement of the parts, so as to make the machine a front-strike machine, in which the writing is always visible to the operator. Further description of this part of the machine is unnecessary.

Concerning the operation of the shifting key-levers f c and the automatic gravity-lock 19, it is to be noted that this portion of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 5 discloses the fact that the finger-key k, and hence the lever f, has been operated and that the bellcrank lever 55 has been forced into its lower position, thereby raising the free end of the lever 56 into its upper position. During the time that this shifting-lever was held in its lower position a key-lever, as 5, has been operated, thereby causing the cross-bar d to be depressed and actuating the link 17, lever 52, and pin p, thus lifting the automatic gravitylock 19 into its upper position. The shifting key-lever f is then released before the keylever 5 is released, thus allowing the action of one branch of the spring .9 (see Figs. 2 and 3) to force the controlling-arm 20 against one face of the gravity-lock 19, thereby holding it in locked position, as shown, until released. It will be apparent that this automatic gravitylock will remain in this position so long as any of the type-bar keys are actuated and that when it is desired to release it it is only necessary to first actuate the shifting-lever which was last depressed, when the gravity-lock 19 will drop by its own weight. It will also be apparent that when the bell-crank levers 55 56 are in their normal positions the free ends of both are in the path of the hooks corresponding to the arms 22 and that when either is depressed there is suificient loss of motion to allow the other to pass up under the end of the opposing book. It is also obvious that when the arm 20 is in its normal or central posit-ion under the influence of the spring 3 it may be moved to the proper position for printing figures by depressing the finger-key k and lever 0, when the arm 20 will be carried to its extreme right-hand position and looked after operating any of the type-bar keys in the same manner as before described.

When it is desired to print small letters only, the arm 20 stands in central or normal position and each key-lever actuates the gravity-lock 19 and causes the same to pass upward through the opening 0 and to drop after each release of such keys.

The interconnecting mechanism between the type-bars 10, which are supported upon movable fulcrums at the upper ends of the bars 18, may be utilized in connection with other machines in which the type-bars are provided at their outer ends with a plurality of type or printing characters and are capable of longitudinaland pivotal movements, so as to bring the individual type into use, dependent upon which one of the series of key-leversis struck, such machines, for instance, as are disclosed in United States Patents to L. S. Burridge, Nos. 585,838, 593,563, and 594,777,

granted July 6, 1897, November 16, 1897, and

November 30, 1897, upon which machines our hereiubefore-mentioned patents were directed to improvements, the especial utility of the present improvements being to so arrange the platen and the exposed work that the typebars and their supported type are normally so located or placed as not to interfere with a direct view of the work to the operator durin g all stages of the operation of the machine.

We have shown and described an organization in which the respective pivots of the type-bars are independently adjusted with relation to the printing-point on the platen. This is a plan well known in the art. An alternative arrangement in the present state of the art recognized as an equivalent is to simultaneously so adjust the pivots of the entire series of type-bars by moving the rod, frame, or segment in which they are mounted. Such a plan is shown, for instance, in the United States patent of Hanson, No. 624,929, dated May 16, 1899.

In the construction shown the link connections between the vertical arms of the levers and the type-bars actuate the type-bars by a pull to throw them to the printing-point. It

will also be noted that the pivotal connections of these links with the vertical arms of the levers and the type-bars permit the upand-down movementof the pivots of the typebars to effect the requisite change of the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printingpoint on the platen.

In this machine the supports on which the carriage runs are located in rear of the front face of the platen. It is therefore possible not only to place the guide-block containing the holes 42 48 44L close in under the front face'of the platen just below the printing- .line, but the supports in which the type-bars are pivoted may also be placed Well toward the rear of the machine, and the space in front of the type-bars being unobstructed they maybe made straight between the typeheads and the pivots and be brought to a vertical position at the moment of impact upon the platen. The type-bars,it will be observed, are pivoted below the plane of the platen, with their pivots arranged in an are or curve whose radial plane is vertical. The type-bars normally lie toward the front of the machine, sothat there is an unobstructed view of the front or printing face of the platen. Another feature of the construction that has been described resides in the fact that the angular levers 14 15 are so disposed that they extend both above and below the series of longitudinally-arranged pivoted key-levers.

ICC

These various features all permit of a compact, practical, and efficient construction of the machine.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A type-writing machine having a series of type-bars provided each with a rotatable type-sleeve having diderent classes of type upon its angular faces, said type-bars being pivotally fulcrumed upon movable supports, in combination with a series of slotted plates adapted to vary the positions of the pivotal supports, together with a series of key-levers and interconnecting bell-crank levers and a platen, the entire arrangement being such that the type-bars and their supported sleeves olfer no obstruction to a view of the typewritten matter, substantially as described.

2. In a type-writing machine the combination of the following elementsa platen, a series of type-bars provided each with a rotatable type-sleeve having different classes of type upon its angular faces, said type-bars being sustained by movable pivotal supports; aseries of slotted plates adapted to give to said movable supports and to the type-bars longitudinal movement in two directions; two series of bell-crank levers one of which is adapted to give to the type-bars pivotal movement and the others longitudinal movement in either direction; a series of key-levers operatively connected with said bellcrank levers and means operatively connected with independent key-levers for causing the rotatable type-sleeves to assume different positions with relation to theplaten, all of said parts being so located and arranged that the operator is afforded an unobstructed view of the type-written matter as it progresses, substantially as described.

3. In a type-writing machine key-shifting mechanism for changing from small letters to capitals or numbers, &c., consisting of two key-levers operatively connected with a con trolling-arm adapted to simultaneously move or present all of the proper type it is desired to print; in combination with an automatic gravity-lock operatively connected with all of the type-writing key-levers, said gravitylock being adapted to lock the controllingarm upon the release of the first key-lever actuated, and to be released only on depression of the shifting-key which moved it to its locked position, substantially as described.

&. In a type-writing machine key-shifting mechanism for changing from small letters to capitals or numbers, 850., consisting of two key-levers operatively connected with a controlling-arm adapted to assume any one of three positions, each of which presents a different class of type or printing characters to be used; in combination with a locking device connectcd to all of the type-writing keylevers and adapted when actuated to lock the controlling-arm in the position last assumed, substantially as described.

5. In a type-writing machine a series of typebars supported so as to have longitudinal movement in either of two directions and pivotal movement about their supports, and 0peratively connected with key-levers for eifecting such movements, said type-bars being provided each with a rotatable type-sleeve having different classes of type upon its angular faces; in combination with means for rotating said sleeves in either direction and automatic locking mechanism for locking said means when so rotated, substantially as described.

6. Inatype-writingmachineaseries of typebars supported so as to have longitudinal movement in either of two directions and pivotal movement about their supports, and operatively connected with key-levers for effecting such movements, said type-bars being provided each with a rotatable type-sleeve having different classes of type upon its angular faces; in combination with means, in the nature of a rack and a controlling-arm, for rotating said type-sleeves, said arm being operatively connected to key-shifting levers for moving it into eitherof two positions; together with locking mechanism adapted to lock the arm in either of said positions when moved by either of the shifting-keys, said locking mechanism being operatively connected with all of the type-writing key-levers of the machine, substantially as described.

7. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in a curve or are, and lying substantially horizontally toward the front of the inachine and adapted to strike upwardly and rearwardly, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardly-extending arms with their upper ends arranged in a like curve or are, a connection extending from each such arm to its corresponding type-bar, operative connections between such levers and the key-levers, and means for moving the type-bar pivots relatively to the platen to bring the desired characters on the type-bars to the printing-point on the platen.

8. Ina type-Writing machine, the combination of a platen, the supports upon which it travels all arranged in rear of the front face of the platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in a curve or are, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardly-extending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots with their upper ends arranged in a like curve or are, a connection extending forward from each such arm to its corresponding type-bar, and operative connections between such levers and the key-levers whereby when a key-lever is depressed the cor-responding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point.

9. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, the supports upon which it travels all arranged in rear of the front face of the platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in a curve or are, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardly-extending arms in rear of the-type-bar pivots, a link connection extending forward from each such arm toits corresponding type-bar, and operative connections between such levers and the keylevers whereby when a key-lever is depressed the corresponding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, the supports upon which it travels all arranged in rear of the front face of the platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in a curve or arc, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardly extending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots with their upper ends arranged in a like curve or are, a link connection extending forward from each such arm to its corresponding type-bar, and operative connections between such levers and the key-levers whereby when a key-lever is depressed the corresponding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point.

11. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, the supports upon which it travels all arranged in rear of the front face of the platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in'a curve or are, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardlyextending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots with their upper ends arranged in a like curve or arc, a horizontal link connection extending forward from each such arm to its corresponding typebar, and operative connections between such levers and the key-levers whereby when a keylever is depressed the corresponding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point.

12. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in a curve or are, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardly extending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots, a connection extending forward from each such arm to its corresponding type-bar, operative connections between such levers and the key-levers whereby when a key-lever is depressed the corresponding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point, and means for varying the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

13. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in a curve or are, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardly-extending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots with their upper ends arranged in a like curve or are, a connection extending forward from each such arm to its corresponding type-bar, operative connections between such levers and the key-levers whereby when a key-lever is depressed the corresponding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point, and means for varying the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

14. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in a curve or are, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardly extending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots, a link connection extending forward from each such arm to its corresponding type-bar, operative connections between such levers and the keylevers whereby when a key-lever is depressed the corresponding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point, and means for varying the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

15. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below theplane thereof with the pivots in a curve or are, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardlyextending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots with their upper ends arranged in a like curve or are, a link connection extending forward from each such arm to its corresponding type-bar, operative connections between such levers and the key-levers whereby when a key-lever is depressed the corresponding type bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point, and means for varying the relation of the typebar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

16. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of type-bars pivoted below the plane thereof with the pivots in a curve or are, a series of key-levers, a series of levers having upwardly extending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots With their upper ends arranged in a like curve or are, a horizontal link connection extending forward from each such arm to its corresponding typebar, operative connections between such levers and the key-levers whereby when a keylever is depressed the corresponding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point, and means for varying the relation of the typebar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

17. In a type-writing machine, the combination of the series of pivoted type-bars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a corresponding series of levers having upwardly-extending arms in rear of the type-bar pivots and respectively in line therewith, or substantially so, substantially horizontal link connections between the respective' type-bars and upwardly-extending levers, means for operating the levers atwill, to throw the type-bar to the printing-point by a pull, and a platen.

18. In a type-writing machine, the combination of the series of pivoted type-bars normally extending toward the front of the machine, and having their pivots arranged in a concave are or curve lying in an upwardlyextendiug plane, a corresponding series of levers having upwardly-extending arms whose ends are arranged in a corresponding are or curve in rear of the type-bar pivots and re- IIO spectively in line therewith, or substantially so, substantially horizontal link connections between the respective type -bars and upwardly-extendin g levers, means for operating the levers at will, to throw the type-bar to the printing-point by a pull, and a platen.

19. In a type-writing machine, the combination of the series of pivoted type-bars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a corresponding series of levers having upwardly-extending arms in rear of the typebar pivots and respectivelyin line therewith, or substantially so, substantially horizontal link connections between the respective typebars and upwardly-extending levers, means for operating the levers at will, to throw the type-bar to the printing'point by a pull, a platen, and means for changing at will the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printingpoint on the platen.

20. In a type-writing machine, the combination of the series of pivoted type-bars normally extending toward the front of the machine, and having their pivots arranged in a concave are or curve lying in an upwardlyextending plane, a corresponding series of levers having upwardly-extending arms whose ends are arranged in a corresponding are or curve in rear of the type-bar pivots and respectively in line therewith, or substantially so, substantially horizontal link connections between the respective type bars and upwardly-extending levers, means for operating the lovers at will to throw the type-bar to the printing-point by a pull, a platen, and means for changing at will the relation of the typebar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

21. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, and connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the type-bars whereby when a key-lever is depressed the corresponding typebar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point.

22. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, and link connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the type-bars to throw the type-bar to the printing-point by a pull.

23. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, the supports upon which it travels arranged in rear of the front face of the platen, a series of pivoted type-bars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the keylevers, so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the type-bars.

24. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine and having their pivots arranged in a concave are or curve, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose ends are arranged in a corresponding curve, and whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, and connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the typebars to throw the type-bar to the printingpoint by a pull.

25. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine,and having their pivots arranged in a concave are or curve, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose ends are arranged in a corresponding curve, and whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, and link connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the type-bars to throw the type-bar to the printing-point by a pull.

26. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the key-levers, so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, connections between the upwardly-extending leverarms and the type-bars, and means for changing at will the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

27. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, link connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the type-bars, and means for changing at will the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

28. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, the supports upon which it travels arranged in rear of the front face of the platen, a series of pivoted type-bars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angularlevers operatively related to the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the type-bars, and means for changing at will the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing-point on the platen.

29. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine and having their pivots arranged in a concave are or curve, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending arms whose endsare arranged in a corresponding curve, and Whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the typebars, and means for changing at will the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printingpoint on the platen.

30. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of.

the machine, and having their pivots arranged in a concave are or curve, a series of key-1evers, a series of angular levers operatively related to the key-levers'so as to be actuated thereby and having upwardly-extending-arms whose ends are arranged in a corresponding curve, and whose ends vibrate fore and aft of the machine, link connections between the upwardly-extendin g lever-arms and the typebars, and means for changing at will the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing point on the platen.

31. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to and extending above and below the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and whose upwardlyextending arms vibrate fore and aft of the machine, and connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the typebars whereby when a key-lever is depressed the corresponding type-bar is thrown by a pull to the printing-point.

32. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, the supports upon which it travels arranged in rear of the front face of the platen, a series of pivoted type-bars normally extending toward the front of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to and ex tending above and below the key-levers, so as to be actuated thereby and whose upwardly-extending arms vibrate fore and aft of the machine, connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the typebars.

33. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward the front of the machine and having their pivots arranged in a concave are or curve, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to and extending above and below the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and whose upwardly-extending arms are arranged in a corresponding curve, and vibrate fore and aft'of the machine, and connections between the upwardly-extending lever-arms and the type-bars to throw the type-bar to the printing-point by a pull.

34:. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of pivoted typebars normally extending toward thefront of the machine, a series of key-levers, a series of angular levers operatively related to and extending above and below the key-levers so as to be actuated thereby and whose upwardlyextending arms vibrate fore and aft of the machine, connections between the upwardlyextending lever-arms and the type-bars, and means for changing at will the relation of the type-bar pivots to the printing-point on the.

platen.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names this 27th day of July, 1899.

EDWARD B. HESS. JOSEPH M. STOUGI-ITON. Witnesses:

L. BAMBERGER, HERBERT O. HEss. 

